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Fort McDowell Monument 
Dedicatory Services 



October 5, 1916. 




EDITED BY REV. CYRUS CORT, D. D. 
Overlea, BaltimoFe, Co., Md. 

PRICE 25 CENTS. 



1917. 



Fort McDowell Monument 
Dedicatory Services 



October 5, 1916. 




EDITED BY REV. CYRUS CORT, D. D. 
Overlea, Baltimore, dh., Md. 

PRICE 25 CENTS. 



PILOT PRINT 

Onion Bridg-e, Md. 

1917. 







Fort McDowell Monument 

Dedicated October 5, 1916. 



"£ditor 

r^^ 30 'W 



H> 



Preliminary Sketch of Fort McDowell 
Dedication Services. 

July 26, 1916 the Enoch Brown Association held their regular 
annual meeting in Fort Loudon village, Franklin County, Penna. 
By previous arrangement of the President Rev. Cyrus Cort, D. D., 
leading members of the McDowell family met with the E. B. Assn. 
at the same time to confer with regard to marking the site of Fort 
McDowell. 

Besides Dr. Cort, Capt. Robt. J. Boyd, Secretary and Col. 
Samuel Hawbecker were present with proxies of Linn Harbaugh, 
Esq. and Harry Strickler. They agreed to duplicate any amount 
that the McDowell kinsfolk might raise, not exceeding S150 with 
the help of the local community, and to secure the cooperation of 
the Penna. Historical Commission in the memorial work. A few 
days later an enthusiastic meeting was held in the school house at 
Markes at which Dr. J. G. Rose, of Mercersburg, Penna., presided 
It was resolved to raise at least $150 to help along the memorial 
work. Later on at a joint meeting the contract was given the 
Forbes Granite (Company of (^hambersburg. Pa., to erect the 
iVKMnument. 

The local committee and McDowell kinsfolk were D. S. 
McDowell, Lelnnaster, T. C. McDowell, Williamson, Alfred Myers, 
Treasurer, Seth Lehmaster, A. B. McDowell, D. F. Haulman, C. C. 
Blattenberger. Douglas Alleman. W. B. Stoner and Dr. J. G. Rose, 
Honorary member. 

The arranging of the Dedicatorv Services was left largely in 
the hands of the jocal Committee. Hon. John Stewart. Judge of 
the supreme Court of Penna. had consented to preside and make 
ai! arldress. Dr. Wm. M. Irvine, Headmaster of Mercersburg 
Acadeniv. liad airreed to make one of the addresses. Court busi- 



ness prevented Judge Stewart from being present and also John 
A. Herman, Esq., who was expected to make an address. The 
funeral of his sister in Philadelphia on the day of Dedication kept 
Dr. Irvine away, much to his regret, and a meeting of the Penn'a 
Historical Commission kept Dr. Geo. P. Donehoo away who was ex- 
pected to be present as one of the speakers up to the last moment. 
The Bronze tablet, in the shape of a Keystone, was furnished by 
the Historical Commission of Penn'a. 

The following sketch of the Dedication Service by Rev. Dr. J. 
G. Rose appeared in the Mercersburg Journal. October 13, 1916. 
His address and that of Dr. Cort, along with that of John W. 
McDowell, Esq. and prayer of Chaplain Stonesifer (since deceased) 
follow in regular order. In spite of some disappointments in the 
absence of some prominent speakers, who were expected to grace 
the occasion, the lovely weather, the excellent music, the beautiful 
location, the good dinner combined with the speeches actually de- 
livered, made Oct. 5, 1916 a day long to be remembered by all 
present at the Fort McDowell Dedication. 



Sketch of Dedication Services. 

October 5th, 1916, was a great day for the village of Markes. 
The occasion was the dedication of the monument near the origin- 
al site of Old Fort McDowell, famous in the early colonial days as 
a refuge for the settlers during the Indian wars. The day was one 
of rare beauty, the fine little village of Markes quietly resting on 
the banks of the Conococheague Creek was appropriately decorat- 
ed, the spacious lawn, the ample shade and the broad verandas of 
the Seth Lemaster home, where the services were held, and Old 
Parnell watching like a kindly sentinel over the scene, all combin- 
ed to render the occasion picturesque and memorable. 

Fort McDowell was erected at this spot in 1753 or. 1754 by 
John McDowell, son of William McDowell, who was one of the 
first settlers in the upper Cumberland Valley, and came to the 
neighborhood in 1735. It was a refuge from Indians for pioneer 
settlers. It was used as a depot for military stores in the fatal 
Braddock Campaign in 1755. It was used in the General Forbes 
Campaign in 1758. 



The granite monument which marks its site was erected by 
the cooperation of the Enoch Brown Association, The Pennsylvania 
Historical Commission, and The Fort McDowell Memorial Associa- 
tion of Markes, Pa. It is designed to perpetuate the site of Fort 
McDowell to future generations. 

The dedicatory exercises began at eleven o'clock when the 
large company present marched to the site of the monument pre- 
ceded by the Mercersburg Band which played appropriate music. 
The Rev. J. G. Rose, D. D., who presided throughout the day re- 
ferred in a complimentary manner to the Forbes Granite Com- 
pany of Chambersburg, who erected the monument, and present- 
ed Miss Mary Creigh McDowell, by whom the memorial was grace- 
fully unveiled. Miss McDowell is the eldest daughter of the late 
William B. McDowell, who before his death a few months ago 
was deeply interested in the movement to mark the site of the old 
fort. She is directly descended from William McDowell, ialher of 
the builder of the fort and lives with her mother on the place 
where the original McDowell first settled when he came to this 
county. 

While the crowd surrounded the marker the Mercersburg 
Band played "America." Chief Marshal Douglas Alleman then led 
the procession back to the lawn where the exercises of the day 
were resumed. Rev. J. B. Stonesifer, of Loudon, offered an appro- 
priate prayer. Dr. Rose then made an address of an educational 
character, and introduced Hon. Thomas J. Brereton, of Chambers- 
burg, who spoke on the value of memorials of this character. Mr. 
Brereton has shown unusual interest in Franklin County's histor- 
ic shrines. He designed the beautiful memorial that marks the 
site of Fort McCord, and was recently elected a member of the 
Enoch Brown Association to take the place of Linn Harbaugh, de- 
ceased. Following Mr. Brereton's address a recess was taken for 
the noon hour, and a splendid dinner was served by the ladies of 
Markes and neighborhood. The meals were served in a large build- 
ing which stands on the site of the old fort and which was hand- 
somely decorated for the occasion. The dinner was a most success- 
ful affair and reflects great credit upon the ladies who planned 
and carried out the enterprise. 

Tlie exercises of the afternoon opened with crowds even 
larger than in the morning, many persons coming by auto from 
Chambersburg, Greencastle, Mercersburg and other parts of the 
country. The Greencastle Glee Club was present and alternating 



with the Mercersburg Band greatly pleased the audience with 
their beautiful songs. The Rev. Mr. Walker, of Bahimore, offered 
prayer, when John W. MeDowell, Esq., of Chambersburg, was in- 
troduced and made a short address. Mr. McDowell and John Mc- 
Dowell, the builder of Fort McDowell, are both descended from 
William McDowell, the progenitor of the present Peters Town- 
ship families of that name. 

The main address ot the afternoon, and which had been 
carefully prepared for the occasion, was delivered by Dr. Cyrus 
Cort, of Overlea, Md. It was a historical address and was in keep- 
ing with Dr. Cort's well known reputation for accuracy and clear- 
ness of expression. It brought into review the early struggles of 
the pioneers and had in it many allusions of a local character. To 
Dr. Cort more than to any other man or set of men is due the 
credit for awakening the interest of the people of Franklin County 
in the history of pioneer days of a local character. The Enoch 
Brown Park and Monuments, the Ford McCord marker, the Fort 
Loudon monument and markers, and now the spacious memorial 
dedicated at Markes on the site of Fort McDowell, are all largely 
the results of Dr. Cort's patient, persistent efforts and far-seeing 
judgement. 

The last speaker of the afternoon was the Hon. C. W. Beales 
of Gettysburg. Representative in Congress of the 20th Pennsylvania 
District, who emphasized the importance of the work accomplished 
by the local historical societies, and who pleaded for a more 
Sieneral interest in the task of markino; all the historic shrines 
of which our section of the state is so replete. 

After the adoption of suitable resolutions, one of which 
authorized the publication in pamphlet form for sale of the ad- 
dresses and other proceedings of the day, the exercises, which, by 
common consent were pronounced a success in every way, were 
brought to a close with the benediction by Rev. G. E. McCarney, 
of Lemaster. 

To the local association organized at Markes in the latter part 
of July last must be given the.credit for bringing the movement to 
mark Fort McDowell to a speedy and successful conclusion. R. S. 
McDowell is President, T. C. McDowell Secretary, and Aaron 
Myers, Treasurer of the local association. Other active members 
are Seth Lemaster, A. B. McDowell, D. F. Haulman, J. C. Blatten- 
berger, Douglas Alleman, W. R. Stoner, with Dr. J. G. Rose as 
Honorary member. 



The monument is of granite, stands seven feet high, weighs 
seven and one half tons, and was erected by the Forbes Granite 
Company of Chambersburg. The tablet which it bears was made 
in Philadelphia, is of bronze, has appropriately the shape of a Key- 
stone, and contains the following inscription: 

"This stone marks the site of the Fort at McDowell Mills, erected 
by John McDowell before 1754. It was used as a base of supplies 
and as a magazine until the erection of Fort Loudon in 1756. The 
military road from Pennsylvania connecting with the Braddock 
road at Turkey foot was built from this point in 1755 under the 
supervision of Colonel James Burd. During the period of Indian 
hostilities the Ford at McDowell's Mill was the scene of many 
thrilling events. Erected by the Pennsylvania Historical Commis- 
sion,The Enoch Brown Association,The Kinsfolk of John McDow ell 
and the citizens of this region 1916." 

At the top ot the Keystone is the Pennsylvania State Coat of 
Arms. 



Prayer At Fort McDowell Dedication Oct. 5th, 1916. 
Rev. James B. Stonesifer 

Almighty God, the supreme ruler of the universe, we draw 
near to thee, on this day set apart for the commemoration of the 
; Heroic lives of our Ancestors. 

We beseech thee, God: that every heart in thy presence 
may search its history, and see how much occasion it has to thank 
thee for sparing mercies, and for bounties received, may every 
one of us look tlirough the household of our descent that we may 
marvel at the many blessings thou hast sent our way. 

We rejoice as sons and daughters of the Fathers and Mothers 
that gave us birth. God, and thank thee for them. We realize 
that this Historic place, that marks their labor and hardship, is a 
sacred spot for us, and as it were Holy Ground. May these services 
today be incentives for us to do and to dare for thee, as they have 
done, help us to appreciate the value of deep feelings, not only 
for the new things of life, but for the old, and teach us that suf- 
fering is the measure of worth. 

We thank thee to-dav that we have a Victory of Hope, not 
only for our ancestry, and for ourselves, but also for our posterity. 



who shall bear the burdens and tasks that come with christian en- 
terprise, and makes for righteousness, and the triumph of thy 
truth in the world. 

Hear our prayer Lord; and grant that christian civilization 
may develop and grow, grant that education throughout our broad 
land, may breathe the spirit of true religion so that our whole land 
may be united in truth, and that thy cause may every whefe 
prosper. 

God grant that the consent -of thy people in the world be 
stronger, than the might of tyranny, so that war may cease, and 
may all this mighty industry, that day and night feeds itself at the 
forge for war, be turned into channels of domestic properity. We 
pray thee Lord, that the white banner of peace be unfurled. We 
pray thee to sound forth the silver Trumpet, that the war cry may 
be silenced, and let war with its bloody head, hide away in the 
den of its own punishment. 

Grant God; that we may look upon the nations of the earth 
as our brethren, give us God the christian ambition to do good, 
rather than add to our outward possessions. Hear us in these our 
petitions, and answer us for Christ's sake. Amen. 



Address of Rev. J. G. Rose, D. D. 

Ladies and Gentlemen: 

Those of us who have been planning for this dedication 
during the past weeks have hoped for a pleasant day. The day at 
last has come, bringing with it ideal weather and a large company 
of patriotic citizens to participate with us in these memorial ser- 
vices. 

It is well that we commemorate the deeds of the founders of 
our civilization. It is well that we suitably mark the shrines where 
patriotic deeds were wrought, and preserve them to coming gener- 
ations. It is well that we hold in memory, the valor and heroism 
of the pioneer who settled in this community and v/hose character 
shaped the destiny of the generations that have followed after. 

It has been said that Americans are ungrateful, that they do 
not reverence the memory of their great men nor glorify the great 
deeds of their heroes. Europe, following the lead of her historians, 
has laid this charge against us. It is true tliat we have not dotted 



our land with marble shafts or marked the shrines of our heroes 
in great numbers. But we are a new country. Our age, compared 
with the ancient civilizations, is but a span. And we have had 
sterner duties, less sentimental, but more insistent, confronting us. 
We have devoted ourselves to the task of laying the foundations of 
freedom. We have been here experimenting with a system ol 
government and developing a type of institutions, political and 
social, differing widely from anything hitherto known. We have 
been blazing a pathway of initiative, of freedom, and of human 
liberty which it is hoped future generations of mankind may safely 
follow. 

If, while thus engaged, we have seemed to the Old World to 
be ungrateful, we have at least thought that the work we were do- 
ing was more important in the present stage of our national exist- 
ance. Besides, our ungratefulness may be such only in seeming. 
For we seem to have developed poise of character and a balanced 
type of manhood which has enabled us to preserve what we have 
builded and at the same time keep ourselves detached from a war 
that bas envolved all the other great nations of the world. 

If it be true that we have few monuments dedicated to great 
men and sacred places, it is no less true that we revere those 
which we do have, while the nations that hold us ungrateful are 
at this moment destroying their ancient treasures of art and 
architecture and leveling to the ground the very monuments which 
the gratitude of centi\ries had erected to their national heroes. We 
are content to be called ungrateful so long as we can hold in our 
hearts the spirit of gratitude, vie need not receive these criticisms 
seriously while our critics destroy the monuments which they them- 
selves have erected to commemorate brave deeds and enshrine in 
the hearts of their countrymen the memory of their men of valor. 

It has also been said of us that we are wanting in sentiment, 
that we are too sordid, materialistic, mercenary. Ambassador Bryce, 
a most sympathetic foreign critic of America and Americans, has 
said that what we chiefly need is more poets. He thinks we are 
lacking in sentimentality, that the finer elements of character— the 
asthetic, the idealistic— are imperfectly developed, that we are suf- 
fering from the spirit of mammonism. This may be so. It may be, 
however, that we have been absorbed in building up a structure 
of freedom in this country that in the end will have developed the 
very elements which Mr. Brvce has found wanting in our American 
rharacter. 



It maybe that deep down in the heart of our American Hfe 
there is being fostered a type of character which, amidst the awful 
carnage of war, sees far beyond the material and the mercenary 
into the ideal and the spiritual in the human race; and this to 
such an extent that we are willing to suffer any indignity, save the 
sacrifice of honor, rather than engage in a war of destruction 
which overlooks all these finer elements of civilization and sees 
only in human beings so many bodies to destroy; which stakes 
everything upon its power to convert material things into instru- 
ments for destroying its antagonists; which counts as nothing the 
spiritual nature and the ideals and sentiments of affection and of 
domestic tranquility which constitute the real greatness of nations. 
If to be openly sentimental is to be brutal and savage and de- 
structive of civilization, then we are content to be lacking in senti- 
mentality if thus we may be prudent and wise and helpful to one 
another and to our race. 

But we are not wholly ungrateful, and we are not wholly 
mercenary. We do cherish the fathers; we do dwell upon the 
sacrifices of the pioneers; we do appreciate heroes and heroines, 
and we are seeking out the sacred places and writing the traditions 
that have made them memorable, and we have nobly begun the 
work of preserving them to future generations. New England has 
a multitude of monuments erected to the memory of its great men 
and women and in commemoration of its historic achievements. 
Gettysburg is a city of monuments. Our County of Franklin is rich 
in historic incident, and it contains a number of worthy memorials. 
The sentimental, the ideal, the imaginative, the spirit of gratitude 
and of appreciation have all been at work in the erection of these 
memorials; and the monument which we dedicate to-day is the ex- 
pression of these noble sentiments crystallized into action. 

The spot which we now occupy and the marker which we 
have just unveiled tell a story of past heroism and of deeds dons 
here which render memorable the names of the pioneers who lived 
and loved and wrought here. It was in those early days of hard- 
ship and struggle that the institutions were planted which now 
flourish here and in the regions beyond. It was a fine sentiment 
that actuated the citizens of this community and moved them to 
cooperate with the Enoch Brown Association and the Pennsylvania 
Historical Coriimission in erecting this granite monument, and so 
preserving to posterity one of the important shrines of pioneer 
days on the Pennsylvania frontier. 



The fort at McDowell's Mill was built prior to 1755, and th ^ 
locality was the scene of bloodshed, murder and devastation. Here 
soldiers were killed and from the neighborhood many persons 
were carried off as prisoners. "Of the settlers who were killed 
hereabouts were Samuel Perry, Hugh Terrell, John Culbertson, 
and John Woods and his mother-in-law and Elizabeth Archer. Of 
those missing were four children of John Archer and a boy named 
Samuel Meily." It was in a ravine only a few rods distant that 
Mrs. Cunningham was killed by Indians in 1763 while journeying 
from Port Steel to Fort McDowell. She was a sister of the Rev. 
John King, D. D., who was the successor of Rev. John Steel at 
Church Hill Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Cunningham was a young 
married woman of much beauty and came to this settlement from 
Little Britain, Lancaster County. I have nowhere seen the name of 
Mrs. Cunningham in the lists of the killed by Indians in any ol 
the histories. I mention the matter here in order that the fate ol 
this beautiful young matron mav become a matter of record. The 
fact and the date of her death is stated in Dr. King's diary, and 
the place was pointed out to me by the Late John McCullough 
whose ancestor she was. A descendant of Mrs. Cunningham is in 
the audience to-day. 

It was at McDowell's Mill that more than 400 soldiers were 
assembled at one time, nearly one half of whom were enlisted from 
the Conococheague Settlement. It was in this Fort that the British 
Government stored munitions for use in Braddock's expedition 
against Fort Duquesne; it was here that some of the wounded were 
sheltered on their retreat from that fateful expedition. It was here 
that Colonel Armstrong recruited nearly three hundred provincials, 
and from this fort he led them forth over the mountains and de- 
stroyed Kittanning, the chief Indian town in the upper Ohio Valley. 
Two of the five Captains under Colonel Armstrong were citizens 
of this neighborhood. At a later period they both became officers 
in the Revolution, one a Captain, the other a Major General and 
member of Washington's stall. One was Hugh Mercer, scholar and 
physician, friend of Washington, for whom Mercersburg is named, 
who followed his profession in this neighborhood, the first physi- 
cian topractice medicine in Franklin County. The other was John 
Steel, scholar and preacher and brave fighter. Not two miles from 
here, as the bird Hies, stood a log Presbyterian meeting house, 
built in 1738, the only church in all this vast region, and for forty 
years the most westerly Protestant church on the American conti- 



10 

nent. The log meeting house was burned by the Indians, and John 
Steel, the pastor, built another one on its ruins which was protect- 
ed by a fort or stockade which he caused to be built around it. 
This was known as Steel's fort and was the oldest fort of record 
within the bounds of Franklin County. Both Mercer and Steel 
were officers in the expedition against Kittanning, and Mercer was 
severely wounded in the attack upon the place. He became 
separated from his companions and made the return journey alone 
spending seventeen days of untold privation on the trip. The 
speaker, scarcely a month ago, came over the same route in an 
automobile, passing near Kittanning, Fort Duquesne, Ligonier, 
Laurel Ridge, Fort Bedford. Sidling Hill, and other memorable 
places of pioneer days, and dropping down into the beautiful 
Cumberland Valley at Fort Loudon near by, a distance of more 
than two hundred miles, the whole journey consuming only eleven 
hours by the supurb Lincoln Highway. 

In this fort was sheltered a battalion of the Black Watch, or 
world-famed Scotch Highlanders, who were brought here from the 
West Indies to join General Forbes' expedition westward to avenge 
the defeat of Braddock. From Fort McDowell Colonel Burd cut a 
road across the mountains in advance of GeneralForbes' army. Later 
this road became the chief route from the East to Pittsburg; it is 
now the Lincoln Highway. 

It is difficult to estimate the educational value to the com- 
munity of a memoral of this character. This granite monument 
will teach the lessons of patriotism to generation after generation 
of citizens of Franklin County. You who have labored and given 
of your means to perpetuate the site of Fort McDowell have 
rendered a service to your generation far beyond any words of 
praisel can utter to-day. The consciousness that you have fitting- 
ly and permanently marked this historic shrine and given it recog- 
nition and distinction among the places rendered memorable by 
the "Border War,'' is in itself a sufficient reward for noble service 
done from patriotic motives. The Pennsylvania Frontiers men ren- 
dered a great service in the making of the state and the nation. 
History has not yet done them justice; this monument is a silent 
witness to their sufferings, hardships, toils, and far vision, to the 
rugged manhood which first reclaimed the land from the Indians 
in the Indian Wars, and from the British in the War of Indepen- 
dence. 

The Pennsylvania Historical Commission and the Enoch- 



II 

Brown Memorial Association have shown a deep interest in the 
movement to mark this site, and both have given the enterprise 
financial support. To-day we congratulate all those who have con- 
tributed in any measure to the success of this splendid undertak- 
ing, and we welcome this large company of interested citizens to 
this beautiful lawn and to the. exercises which are to follow. 



John W. McDowell's Address 
At the Fopt McDowell Dedication, Oct. 5, 1916. 

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

Your chairman has called on me for some remarks, relative 
to John McDowell's decendants. I am not down on the program 
for a speech. He has named me as the oldest representative of the 
McDowells of Franklin County, and I so young. IF my voice holds 
out I will gladly try to set you right as to John McDowell, who 
built McDowell's Mill and the fort near said mill called and known 
as Fort McDowell and to mark its site. We have met here to-day 
to set a marker or monument to show future generations where 
the old fort, which shielded many of the residents, men, women 
and children, of this section, from the tomahawks of the indians 
over one hundred and sixty years ago. 

I will state that there is no descendant of John McDowell, 
tliat I can recall now living in Franklin County, and certainly 
none of the McDowell's of our county or any other, are lineal de- 
scendants of his, as he had no boys. All his children, five in 
number, were girls. John McDowell's eldest daughter, Mary, was 
married to Dr. Robert Brownson, the grand-father of the late Dr. 
Robert Brownson, of Mercersburg, Pa. and of Rev. James I. Brown- 
son,D. D.,late of Washington, Pa., many of whose children, are still 
living there. John McDowell's second daughter, Agnes married 
Elias Davidson, his third daughter, Elizabeth, married Rev. John 
King, D. D., who was pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Mer- 
cersburg for forty years, His fourth daughter Margaret, married 
George King, a brother of Dr. John King, and his fifth daughter, 
Catherine, married Hugh Davidson. 



12 

John McDowell was the oldest son of William McDowell, the 
the emigrant ancestor who was born in Ireland, in 1680. With his 
wife, Mary, he came to America about 1715 and settled in Chester 
County, Pa., where most, if not all of his eleven children, five 
boys and six girls, were born, at least all of his five boys. About 
1735, William McDowell moved with his large family, to the foot 
of Mt.Parnell, now Peters Township, Franklin Co., Pa. He had ob- 
tained from the Penn'a authorities warrant for over eight hundred 
acres of land, lying at the foot of Mt. Parnell and extending South 
to near this place where we are now gathered. Mr. McDowell, 
with the aid of his five boys, who were now well grown up, clear- 
ed part of his land and erected buildings, putting up his first 
dwelling house, on the land now owned by the estate of the late 
William B. McDowell, which has been occupied and owned and 
farmed successively by McDowells, from the first William down to 
William B. until his death some months since. William B's being 
the sixth generation living on that farm, from 1735 to the present 
day. The first William was greatly annoyed by the Indians after 
1754, and fled from them in 1755-56 to Wright's Ferry on the 
Susquehanna and died in 1759 and was buried in the old grave- 
yard of Donegal Church in Lancaster County. William McDowell 
had five sons John, William, Nathan, James and Thomas. John, 
William and possibly another brother, were elders in the Mercers- 
burtf, or Upper West Conococheague Presbyterian Church. The 
McDowells of Peters and Montgomery Townships were all descend- 
ed from William and James McDowell, and none from John. 

It is related of John McDowell, who built Fort McDowell^ 
that one evening, he went up the creek after his cows. That the 
wind blew his hat off. He replaced it and shortly after his hat was 
again blown off. Soon the wind again blew it off. He then took 
this as a warning from God, and he hastened home and just as he 
"Ot to the fort a party of Indians made their appearance and he 
had just time to get safely into the fort. 

The five sons of the first William McDowell all became farm, 
ers and settled on the original warrant taken out by him and were 
scattered from this section of Fort McDowell and John McDowell's 
farm and mill, to the foot of Parnell's Knob, and ever since 1735 



13 



to the present time McDowells have hved and fanned in this sec- 
tion to a greater or less extent. To-day there are at least four or 
five families of McDowells and many other descendants of other 
names living in Peters Township and farming therein. 



Address of Rev. Dp. Cyrus Cort, at the dedication of the 
Fopt McDowell Monument, Octobep 5, 1916. 

Friends and Fellow Citizens, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

October 20, 1916, less than a year ago, we met at Fort Lou- 
don and dedicated a granite monument. General W. D. Dixon 
served as Chief Marshall then as he had done at the dedication of 
the Ford McCord Monument, October 29, 1914. A few weeks 
later General Dixon passed away in a good old age. He had won 
distinction as a gallant officer of the 6th Penn'a. Reserve Re^^i- 




tnent. He was wounded at Fredericksburg, Gettysburg and Cold 
Harbor, three of the bloodiest battles of the war. He was a faith- 
ful member of our Enoch Brown Association for nearlv 33 years, 
having been appointed, like Capt. Boyd and myself, by the Cen- 
SeniaJ County Convention April 22, 1881. He was one of our 



14 

most distinguished citizens. His death was a loss to the county and 
to our Association. He served as a member of the Penn'a Jubilee 
Committee which had charge of the fiftieth anniversary of the Bat- 
tle of Gettysburg in July, 1913, when the veterans of the North 
and South, blue and grey met in friendly intercourse on the bloody 
field where they struggled in deadly conflict, fifty years before. 
Linn Harbaugh, Esq., a worthy and useful citizen and son of the 
Historian, Poet, Theologian, Rev. Dr. Henry Harbaugh was chos- 
en, on recommendation of the Executive Committee of the Kitto- 
chinny Historical Society and on motion of General Dixon was »- 
I lected to succeed Judge D. W. Rowe, in our Association a few 
years ago. In the Providence of God, he too, was called away a 
few weeks ago. Captain Boyd and myself, alone remain of the 
original band. In the natural course of events we too will soon be 
gathered to our father's. This shows the importance of completing 
the memorial work of marking our Franklin County Historic 
shrines. We hope the work so well begun under the auspices of 
our Enoch Brown Association will be carried on until every spot 
and event made historic in pioneer days will be marked by sub- 
stantial granite memorial structures for the instruction of future 
generations. You who remain must not let it stop. 

For the third time within two years we welcome patriotic and 
public spirited citizens to the dedication of granite monuments on 
the sites of forts erected by pioneer settlers in Provincial days. 
This was a renowned place in the French and Indian Wars. In his 
Enoch Brown address August 4, 1914, Dr. Donehoo made refer- 
ence to it. McDowell's Fort at McDowell Mills was already in ex- 
istence in 1754, 162 years ago, when Col. Armstrong advised the 
Provincial authorities to erect a line of forts from Shippensburg 
to Casey's Knob for the protection of the Cumberland Valley. He 
speaks of McDowell's Mill as being, "at the most important pass, 
most exposed to danger, as having a fort already made about it 
and where provisions can be most easily had." 

It is recommended as the Chief location of a border guard of 
forty-eight men, who were to patrol daily the district from Fort 
McDowell to Fort Davis, Fort Wadell, etc. It was a great rendezvous 
during the Braddock campaign of 175.5. Army supplies in large 



15 

quantities were sent from Pennsylvania by this route to the mouth 
of the Connochocheague and thence to Fort Cumberland, Md., by 
way of Winchester, Va. Braddock and his quarter master. Sir 
John Sinclair, were very much enraged because Virginia was un- 
able to furnish more than fifteen wagons to transport needed sup- 
plies and a vast amount of luxurious baggage for himself an ] 
officers. They both indulged in a great amount of profanity. Li. 
Benjamin Franklin, as Postmaster General of America, and as a 
prominent Penn'a. official visited them at Frederick, Md., where 
part of Braddock's army was stationed for a short time. As a reply 
to their profanity he suggested that Pennsylvania could furnish 
the needed transportation. Braddock requested that it should be 
done without delay. With the aid of Col. Conrad Weiser he got 
the farmers of Lancaster, York and Cumberland counties, which 
then included a large part of the state to furnish 150 four horse 
wagons and 1500 pack horses for the Braddock expedition. The 
most of these, besides other supplies went by way of Fort Mc- 
Dowell as we learn from various authorities. 

When Braddock's army met with disastrous defeat,July 9, 1755, 
on its march to capture Fort Duquesne and Col. Dunbar succeeded 
to the command he was directed by Gov. Shirley,of Massachusetts, 
in charge of military affairs among Provincials in America, to place 
a strong force at McDowell's Fort. This he promised to do in a 
letter written near Winchester, Va., but he never did it. In defiance 
of entreaties from authorities of Penn'a, Md. and Va., he retreated 
with 1500 men to Philadelphia and left the borders exposed to 
maurauding bands of French and Indians. Horrible outrages were 
committed against pioneer settlers. Fort McCord was captured a 
few miles north of here, April 1, 1756 and 27 men, women and 
children were slain or carried off in captivity by the savages. A 
large number of Provincial soldiers under Capt. Alex Culbersozi. 
who went in pursuit of the savages, were repulsed at Sideling Hill 
and upwards of thirty were killed or wounded. We marked the 
site of that fort with a handsome monument Oct. 29, 1914. Fort 
Granville, a mile west of where Lewiston, Pa., is now located on 
the Juniata River, was captured by a large body of Frence and 
Indians a few weeks later. 

CoL John Armstrong, whose younger brother had been killed 



16 

in his gallant defence of that fort, raised 280 Provincial troops 
and marched from Fort McDowell with the main part of his force 
through the wilderness and destroyed the chief haunt of the sav- 
ages at Kittanning on the Allegany River. His troops were largely 
from this region under Captains John Steel, Presby. Pastor at the 
old White Church, Hugh Mercer, and John Potter, etc. Although 
severely wounded in that campaign Col. Armstrong was requested 
by the Provincial authorities to carry out his plan of Frontier forts, 
recommended two years before. As a new and direct road had 
been made by Col. James Burd to the top of the Allegany 
mountains passing two miles north of McDowell Mills near Par- 
nell's Knob, Col. Armstrong advised the removal of the military 
supplies from Fort McDowell to Fort Loudon, the name of the 
new fort on that road. The site of that fort we marked with granite 
memorials October 20, 1915. General John Forbes and Col. Henry 
Bouquet used that shorter line in the capture of Fort DuQuesne 
in 1758 and in the Pontiac War of 1763 and 1764, etc., it was the 
route of Bouquet. 

A private fort seems to have been maintained at McDowell's 
Mills,and numerous massacres occurred in this immediate vicinity. 
In November, 1755 the great Cove was ravaged and 47 out of 93 
settlers were killed or taken captive. A few days later the house 
of the widow Cox, near McDowells Mills, was burned and her two 
sons and a hired man were carried off. In February, 1756 John and 
Richard Craig were carried off near McDowell's Mills by nine 
Delaware Indians. A Mr. Alexander was pursued to McDowell's 
Mills. The Indians attempted to surprise the fort, as they did Fort 
McCord, but failed. They slew a German boy,while he was feeding 
cattle. Mrs. Cunningham was slain near by. Gov. Morris wrote Gen. 
Braddock that he would make McDowells Mills, instead of Ship- 
pensburg, a rendezvous for military stores as being 20 miles near- 
er his army. This plan Gen. Braddock approved of in a letter to 
Gov. Morris. Capt. Burd went from here, with forty men Nov. 6, 
1755 to succor George Crogan at Augwick. 

Hance Hamilton with 400 men went from McDowell Fort to 
Path Valley late in 1755 to recover live stock not slain by the 
Indians. Capt. John Steel was told to make drafts of thirteen men 



17 

each from companies of Capt. Burd, Hamilton, Patterson and 
Mercer and take station at McDowell's Mills, March 25, 1756 and 
scour the woods from time to time to promote the safely - of the 
settlers. In Nov. 1756 Samuel Perry and two sons going to their 
home from Fort McDowell were slain by Indians. A party sent 
from the fort to look after them was assailed by thirty Indians and 
a number were slain or captured. Besides those already mentioned. 
Hugh Tereli, John Culbertson and his mother-in-law and Elizabeth 
♦Archer were slain near Fort McDowell. Four Archer children and 
Samuel Meily, a boy were carried off. Others escaped massacre 
by seeking refuge in the McDowell Fort. These facts show that 
fort McDowell deserves to be marked to remind posterity of the 
perils that confronted pioneer settlers in the early settlement of 
this region. 

My friends you will please excuse me for reference to the 
early history of some of my own ancestors in reference to these 
stirring events of the olden times. I do this because it illustrates 
the subjects in hand by showing some of the dangers and hard- 
ships of the pioneer settler, over 150 years ago; also it helps to 
some extent to show why I have for over thirty years, taken spe- 
ial interest in marking historic shrines in Franklin and Westmore- 
land counties. I have given local history largely, in my former 
dedicatory addresses and adopt a new line today. 

As we have seen, Braddock drew heavily from Penn'a in army 
supplies, through Dr. Franklin and Col. Conrad Weisfer. He want- 
ed better bread than ordinary army rations. My great, greatgrand- 
father, Andrew Byerly, was a baker by trade and keeper of one of 
the first public houses in Lancaster, Pa., He was induced to go to 
Fort Cumberland to bake for Gen. Braddock and his army in .1755. 
Over 160 years ago, he with his little family passed through here 
or through Frederick, Md., to Fort Cumberland. Besides being a 
good baker he was a fast runner which was a much needed accom- 
plishment in those pioneer days. A well authenticated story has 
come down through four branches of the Byerly family to this ef- 
fect. While at Fort Cumberland a Catawba chief came from Caro- 
lina with some warriors and offered his services to Gen. Braddock. 
The haughty and obstinate British General had no use for either 



18 

white or red scouts to guard the flanks of his army and had such 
unbounded confidence in the invincibility of British regulars that 
he gave scant encouragement to much needed aid from Provincial 
woodsmen or Indian Savages. Washington Irving tells us how 
Braddock treated with disdain Gapt. Jack and Juniata Hunters. 
Feeling chagrined at Braddock's failure to accept his services the 
Catawba Chief made a wager of twenty shillings that he had war- 
riors that could outrun any white man. Col. George Washington, 
a good deal of a sport in his younger days, felt it would not do to 
let the banter go unaccepted and got Andrew Byerly to run a foot 
race with the Catawba Champion at Fort Cumberland. Byerly won 
the race much to the surprise of the Catawbas. His son, Michael, 
great grand sire of Hon. Curtis H. Gregg, of Greensburg, Pa., was 
eight years old at the time. He used to describe the appearance of 
Braddock's army when it left Fort Cumberland, for Fort DuQuesne. 
With their gaudy uniforms and precise drill, thev presented the 
most magnificent sight that he ever saw. In similar terms Wash- 
ington tells of their splendid appearance as they crossed the 
Monongahala River, shortly before the fatal battle where over 700 
soldiers and over 60 off^icers were killed or wounded by Indians in 
ambush and a small body of French from Fort DuQuesne July 9, 
1755. Michael Byerly used to say the remnant of Braddock's army 
when they returned were a sorry looking set of fellows with soiled 
and torn uniforms in comparison with their gaudy appearance 
.when they left Fort Cumberland. Andrew Byerly seems to have 
been employed at Fort Frederick, which was built in 1756 — 7 and 
which remains nearly intact covering, with a high stone wall over 
an acre of ground near the Cherry Run Station of the B. & 0. and 
Western Maryland Railroad. In 1758 Andrew Byerly was at 
Fort Bedford, baking for the British garrison. His son, Jacob, my 
great grandfather, was born in Fort Bedford, in 1760. 

After the Forbes expedition and capture of Fort DuQuesne, 
in 1758, Col. Bouquet, became successor of Gen. Forbes for seven 
years. He and Mrs. Byerly were from the same Canton of Berne^ 
in Switzerland and Byerly was given 300 acres of land and charge 
of the Relay Station at Bushy Run, nearly midway between Fort 
Pitt and Fort Ligonier. Byerly erected a cabin and stable, got a 



19 

couple of cows and moved his family to Bushy Run in 1760. He 
was on friendly terms with the Indians who were the only residents 
in the wilderness. Matters moved along in pretty good shape for 
several years. Bouquet frequently stopped at the Byerly home in 
his trips to frontier forts. He and Mrs. Byerly would speak in 
glowing terms of the scenery in their native Switzerland. Thus 
matters moved along with comparative safety and tranquility until 
the latter part of May, 1763. Then, like a clap of thunder in a 
clear sky, what has been called the Pontiac Conspiracy broke out. 
The Indians lamented the conquest of the French dominions by 
the British in the new world. The French mingled more readily 
with them in social and matrimonial relations. 

French traders made the Indians believe that soon the great 
king of France would send a powerful army to recover his posses- 
sions in America. Pontiac, a brave and eloquent chief of the 
Ottawas on Lake Michigan, marshalled all the Indians tribes, be- 
tween the Mississippi and the Allegheny Mountains to drive the 
red coats and pale faces into the sea. 

Eighteen Indian tribes joined his standard. The Conspiracy 
was so well kept that nine forts, or military posts, were captured 
by surprise and their garrisons, mostly, German-Swiss Americans 
recruited in Penn'a and Md. were massacred. Pontiac in person 
assailed Detroit with 1000 warriors. It was gallantly defended 
by Major Gladwin with the help of a couple vessels. Gladwin wrote 
afterwards to Bouquet that the Royal Americans were the best 
soldiers that he ever saw. Fortunately the great Indian leader fail- 
ed and was detained at Detroit so that Fort Pitt, etc., had to be 
assailed by Guyasutha of the Senecas. Kukyuskung, etc., of the 
Delaware's with fewer forces than the Indians expected to marshall 
for Eastern forts after the capture of Detroit. Capt. Simeon Ecuyer, 
a brave Swiss officer, in command at Fort Pitt, wrote Col. Bouquet, 
May 29, 1763, about the dangerous conditions of affairs. A copy 
of this letter is in Parknan's Conspiracy of Pontiac. The distinguish- 
ed historian sent me a copy in the original French of Ecuyer and 
also in English, when I wrote my "Memorial of Col. Bouquet and 
his campaigns of 1763-4." It appears on pages 22 and 23. Ecuyer 
mentions the massacres of Col. Clapham and family; escape of 



20 

three men at work in the woods near by whom he had armed and 
sent to the rehef of Byerly at Bushy Run. The Indians had told 
Byerly at Bushy Run to leave his house, Capt. Ecuyer states, with- 
in four days or he and his whole family would be murdered. This 
was the last letter that got through to Bouquet. Byerly, not be- 
lieving that it was a general uprising of the Indians, went with 
those three men to Jacob's Creek, near where, Scottdale, Pa. is 
now located, to bury Clapham and his family. His wife was in bed 
from confinement with a babe three days old. At a late hour a 
friendly Indian came and brought word that she and her children 
would all be slain if they did not flee at once to Fort Ligonier, 
thirty miles east of Bushy Run. She wrote on the cabin door with 
charcoal that they had gone to Ligonier. Her boys got out the Re- 
lay horse, waiting to be exchanged by the Express rider. Mrs. Byer- 
ly was placed on the horse with the tender babe in her arms and 
a child 18 months old fastened to her back, Michael was thirteen 
years of age, Francis 8 years old and Jacob, my great grandfather 
was three years old and had a painful stone bruise. They made a. 
desperate effort to take along their cows, so scarce and valuable in 
their wilderness home, but they had to give up that effort and 
leave the cows to be devoured by the Indians. All day long they 
trudged along in the hot sun, the weary way through the wilder- 
ness. At times Michael would carry Jacob, his lame brother on 
his back. Byerly and his party found the message on the cabin 
door and followed swiftly towards Ligonier with the bloodthirsty 
Indians in close pursuit. They overtook the fleeing family and 
helped them over the last few miles. They got safely within the 
stockade after night with the savages close at their heels. When 
the gate was opened to admit them into the fort proper in the 
morning the bullets rattled against it as they entered. Here they 
were, couped up with a small garrison, for two months until Bou- 
quet came with 350 Scotch Highlanders, 150 Royal Americans 
and a few Provincials in charge of 340 packhorses loaded with 
flour and a drove of cattle for the relief of Fort Pitt, which was 
nearly out of provisions and closely besieged by Indians. Alter a 
brief rest at Ligonier, Bouquet pushed along toward Bushy Run 
with his convoy. 



21 

Byerly went along. He was with the advance guard of 18, 12 
of them fell at the first fire of the savages. When within a mile of 
Bushy Run, Bouquet's little army was surrounded by a horde of 
Indians and fiercely assailed about one o'clock. They protected 
their convoy, but lost a large proportion of their soldiers and offi- 
cers on that fifth day of August, 1763. The wounded were placed 
inside of a circle of flour bags taken from the packhorses. A small 
spring between the contending forces, enabled Byerly, during the 
night, at great risk to carry water in his hat to many of the wound- 
ed in great agony from thirst. Next day August 6, 1763, the sav- 
ages with a larger number made fierce assaults dodging behind 
trees and bushes. The Highlanders gallantly charged them with 
fixed bayonets, which made them scamper, but as soon as the 
charge ceased they would return. Many of the packhorses were 
wounded and frightened by the shooting and terrific yelling of the 
savages ran wildly through the woods. Their drivers skulked in 
the bushes and made little effort to control them. Thus matters 
were getting desperate when Capt. Barrett who had joined Bouquet 
at Ligonier with a dozen Provincials from Fort Cumberland pointed 
out where he could trap about forty of the boldest warriors under 
Kukyusking, who were making a special effort to get the scalps of 
the wounded in the flour bag fort. By a brilliant strategic move- 
ment. Major Campbell caught the savages in a trap with a bayonet 
charge. Forty of them were slain which created a panic and led to 
the retreat of the encompassing host. A Highlander, Byerly used 
to say, dropped his musket and darting after the fleeing Indians 
caught and overpowered one. He was leading his captive back 
when a petty officer met him and wanted to know what he was do- 
ing with that fellow? The reply was, 'T am taking him to Col. 
Bouquet, if you want one of them there are plenty of them run- 
ning in the woods you can catch one for yourself." The fussy 
official did not fancy the job, but up with his pistol and shot the 
captive Indian through the head. This enraged the Highlander and 
greatly displeased Col. Bouquet. After burying the dead and rest- 
ing a couple days at Bushy Run, Bouquet and his gallant little 
army proceeded to Fort Pitt, where they received a glad welcome 
on August 10, 1763. They lost about one-fourth of their number 
in killed and wounded, in what Parkman states was the best con- 



22 

tested battle ever fought between white men and the Indians. 
Bushy Run is truly a great historic shrine that ought to be marked 
with substantial tablets or memorial structures of a very enduring 
kind. This I have advocated over forty years. The Penna. Histor- 
ical Commission have been ready to assist in this memorial work 
for several years, but the local Committee, I understand has fail- 
ed to do their part of the work and secure proper positions for the 
memorial structures. On August 6, 1883, with the help of the 
aged ex-Congressman Jos. H Kuhns, of Greensburg, and a few 
others, I managed to get up a magnificent celebration on the 
Bushy Run battlefield. Fifteen thousand people assembled with 
eight brass bands, a United States Senator, three Major Generals 
(Beaver Coulter and Gallagher), etc. My great grandfather Jacob 
Byerly was a member of Col. John Gibson's 13th Virginia Regt. at 
Fort Pitt, during the war of American Independence. 

He Killed an Indian Chief in a single combat near Punxatawny 
Penna. He enlisted when 17 years old. That little boy who limped 
to Fort Ligonier lived to be 99 years old. Two years and a half 
before he died he gave me these and other facts of pioneer days, 
which I noted down on Christmas day, 185^lExactly 100 years 
after the Royal American Regt. was created. Three of his sons 
and son-in-law Skelly (my Scotch Irish ancestor) were soldiers of 
the War of 1812, etc., One of them (Major Andrew Byerly,) marched 
with two Westmoreland companies from Greensburg, Pa., to Erie 
and guarded Commodore Perry's fleet, while it was being built. 
With that fleet Perry won the splendid victory ever the British 
fleet under Commodore Barkley on lake Erie. These are some of 
the trials that tried men's souls in the days of old, the soles of 
their feet as well as the souls of their bodies. The brave men and 
women who stood tho brunts in those pioneer days should be held 
in grateful and everlasting remembrance. Mrs. Beatrice Byerly, 
wife of Andrew, established a Sunday School at Fort Walthonx, 
twenty odd miles east of Pittsburgh, during the Revolution. She 
had the help of Mrs. Christina Harmon whose maiden name was 
Lenhart, who came from Holland. The three Byerly boys 
who trudged from Bushy Run to Ligonier in 1763 married three 
Harmon girls. Their decendants are scattered all over the United 
States. The Sunday School work of those women from Reformed 



23 

and Republican Switzerland and Reformed and Republican Holland, 
I esteem above all the military achievements of the men. I am glad 
to know that the McDowell kins-folk still own a large part of the 
beautiful and fertile acres of the Cumberland Valley near glorious 
Parnell. They have done a worthy service in helping to mark the 
site of the fort erected by their kinsmen over 160 years ago. I am 
thankful that a kind Providence has graciously preserved my life 
beyond the ordinary limit of human existence and enabled me to 
join in the grand memorial work carried on in Franklin County 
during the last two years. Little did the Centennial Convention of 
April 22, 1884 expect our Enoch Brown Association to do what we 
have done with only three-fourths of the funds promised us for a 
far smaller service. It is a great gratification to have helped to 
rescue from comparative oblivion herioc characters, like Forbes, 
Bouquet, Burd and Armstrong, who not only brought peace and 
tranquility to the Cumberland Valley and adjacent regions, one 
hundred and fifty years ago but who conquered from despotic 
rulers of France the great Mississippi Valley and made it the home 
of Anglo-Saxon liberty and law. 

During the past couple years I have received a couple valuable 
documents from Lieut. General Sir Edward Hutton of the British 
Army. They tell how Bouquet retrieved the disastrous defeat of 
General Braddock in 1755. The military training that he gave the 
Royal Americans in 1758 according to Joseph Shippon and the 
Scotch Highlanders during the Pontiac War in 1763, etc. was 
imitated by officers of other battalions. 

Col. Haldimand at Oswego and Niasjara with the 2nd Battalion 
and the 3rd Battalion under General Wolfe at Louisburg, with Rev. 
Michael Schlatter, as Chaplain rendered conspicious service. A 
detachment of Royal Americans helped to conquer Quebec under 
General James Wolfe. Because of superior gallantry at the Falls 
of Montmorency he gave them their motto or coat of arms "Celer 
Et Andax" (Swift and bold), which they proudly bear to-day. Royal 
Americans led the way in helping Wolfe to scale the heights of 
Abraham. They guarded the flanks of his regulars and prevented 
them from being assailed by a host of Indians and Canadians. When 
GeneralWolfe was mortally wounded in the moment of victory he 
fell into the arms of one of the Royal American officers. Lieut. Gen. 



24 

Button tells with pardonable pride of the distinquished career of 
the Royal Americans on four continents during the last 150 years. 
They helped Sir John Moore and Arthur Welesly, the Duke of 
Wellington, to win twelve out of fourteen great victories on the 
Spanish peninsula. 

Sir John Moore, one of the best civil and military command- 
ers ever produced by Great Britain, said he had learned the art of 
war from the Royal Americans. As school boys, some of us have 
recited. Rev. Wolfe's poem on the burial of Sir John Moore, which 
Lord Byron pronounced one of the best poems of the English 
Language. 

1 
Not a drum was heard, not a funeral note, 

As his corse to the ramparts we hurried. 
Not a soldier discharged his farewell shot. 

O'er the grave where our hero we buried. 

2 
Slowly and sadly we laid him down, 

From the field of his fame fresh and gory, 
We carved not a line, and we raised not a stone 

But we left him alone with his glory. 

I cannot recount the list of their gallant achievements in 
Europe, Asia and Africa and North America or the list of the splendid 
line of officers that have commanded them for 150 years, that have 
been Colonels of the Regiment. At present King George himself,, 
is Col. Commandant of the King's Royal Rifle Corps, the histori- 
cal successor of Bouquet's Royal Americans. 

In like manner the 42nd Highlanders, who with the Royal 
Americans, won immortal renown at Bushy Run, August 6, 1763, 
has been continued under the name of the Black Watch Regiment. 
Johnny Poe the Princeton Athlete from Baltimore joined them in 
the Belgium trenches and fell gallantly fighting. British historians 
give Bouquet credit for giving these two renowned bodies of troops 
their initial training when Fort McDowell was a familiar refug e for 
pioneer settlers in the French and Indian Wars. After his great 
victory at Bushy Run, Bouquet, entreated Penn'a, Md. and 
Virginia to give him 500 men more. With these and the survivors 
of the battle he would drive the savages across the Mississippi. 



25 

Capt. McLellan went with a self equipped company from Frederick 
County, Md., to Fort Pitt, but otherwise, sad to say there was no 
Provincial response to his reasonable request. Very soon as 
Bouquet predicted the Indians recovered from their Bushy Run 
panic like Satan and his host in Milton's Paradise Lost, Maraud- 
ing parties slipped past Forts Pitt, Ligonier and Bedford and niassa- 
creed pioneer settlers as before. Thus fell Enoch Brown and 
Scholaisa, a few miles east of here, July 26,1764. Then Bouquet 
was given a good sized army by these three Provinces. He cut a 
road from Port Pitt into Ohio which the savages thought impossible 
compelled them to sue for peace on the Muskigum River and to 
return hundreds of captives to their Christian homes. In our Enoch 
Brown and Fort McCord Memorial volume I have published the 
names of 216 of these returned captives copied from an extra edi- 
tion of Maryland Gazette published at Annapolis over 150 years 
ago. John McCulloh captured July 26, 1756, by a Frenchman and 
Indian, a few miles south of here, was one of these returned cap- 
tives Some of his worthy descendants reside with us to-day and are 
at this dedication. For what he did for the cause of humanity and 
Christian civilization as well as his personal friendship and official 
favors to my ancestors I have sought to rescue Bouquet's memory 
from the oblivion which enshrouded it a generation ago. I am 
glad that British authors are doing the same. April 14, 1914 Lieut. 
General Hutton wrote the following from Great Britian, which I 
extract from his letter,"! am obliged to you for sending me the ex- 
tract of a newspaper dated August 21, 1913 giving an account of 
the 150th anniversary of the Bushy Run fights underGeneralHenry 
Bouquet of the 60th Royal Americans. If at any future time the 
memory of Bouquet, the 60th American or that portion of the 
British Army employed in Penn'a from 1758 to 1764 is made the 
subject of a national and general demonstration and official ceremony, 
it would, I am sure, be the wish of the Kings Rifle Corps, the mod- 
ern representative of the 60th Royal American to be represented 
and to take part. Believe me, Yours Faithfully. Ed. H. Hutton, 
Lieut. General Colonel Commandant the Kings Royal Rifle Corps- 
late 60th Royal Americans." When Dr. Philip Schaff came to 
America over 70 years ago he wrote back to Germany that this 



26 



country was full of romance and poetry, but that we were a prosaic 
people. James Bryce, late British Ambassador to the United States 
declared several years ago that the greatest need of America is 
poets — By this remark I understand him to mean that proper 
justice had not been done to the romantic feature of our history 
by our American writers. This is a rare and undeveloped element 
of history that clusters around these frontier forts in pioneer days. 
We have been too much absorbed in the worship of Mammon. 
We have allowed New Englanders to write our history and hence 
much of it had not been written at all or else in a very .defective 
manner. 1 trust that the erection of these granite monuments on 
the sites of Frontier forts in Franklin County will help to remedy 
this defect. As the soul of Thucydides was inspired to write his 
great work on the Pelloponesian War after hearing the historical 
works of Heridous read at the Isthmin games of Greece, so I 
hope that poetic and historical spirits may be inspired to write a- 
bout the stirring events which these monumental structures will 
call to remembrance and the grand scenery that surrounds them. 
May gifted souls embalm more fully in story and song our pioneer 
memorial work. The McDowell kinsfolk have done well to hold 
on to the patrimony of their ancestors and cultivate these beautiful 
and fertile acres near the foot ot glorious Parnell. They are doing 
nobly in the memorial work of today in helping to mark the site 
of the fort erected by an enterprising kinsman, over 160 years a- 
go as a shelter for pioneer settlers from the tomahawk of blood- 
thirsty savages. 'They had an eye to the beautiful as well as use- 
ful" "Utile cum dulce" as the Latins say. Our historical resources 
and poetical resources largely remain undeveloped. I am glad that 
Franklin County has lead the van to a large extent in this histori- 
cal renaissance by the erection of these memorial structures in 
which other parts of our old Keystone commonwealth are follow- 
ing. Glad I am that leading citizens such as Judge Gillam of our 
district Court and Judge Stewart of our Supreme Court have shown 
special interest in our memorial activities. Future generations will 
appreciate these memorial services even if some in our own day 
cannot see their value and importance. It is a scriptural duty "to 
remember the days of old." 



/ 

Memorial Publications 

The following memorial volumes have been published under the 
auspices of the Enoch Brown Association and can be had from Rev. 
Dr. Cyrus Cort of Overlea, Md. 

1. Memorial Volume of Enoch Brov/n and Scholars massacred by 
Indians, July 26, 1764, three miles North of Greencastle, Pa. 

Price 35 cents. 
This contains the addresses delivered August 5, 1885 at the dedi- 
cation of the Enoch Brown Park and monuments., viz by Geo. W. 
Ziegler, Rev. C. Cort, Rev. Dr. F. A. Woods, Peter A. Witmer, Dr. 
Wm. A. Egle and Poem by John M. Cooper; also three Franklin County 
Centennial sermons. 

2. Memorial addresses at the Enoch Brown Park, Aug. 4, 1914, in 
commemoration of the one hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the 
massacre by Revs. Dr. C. Cort, J. S. Kieffer, Wm. M. Irvine, G. L. 
Onwake and G. P. Donehoo; also by Hon. W. Rush Gillan and Dr. 
Thos. L. Montgomery. In the same volume is also bound the Dedi- 
catory Services of the Fort McCord Monument, eight miles West of 
Chambersburg, Pa., Oct 29, 1914 with addresses of Judge Gillan, Drs. 
Cort, F. M. Wood, Montgomery and Donehoo. The Dedicatory ad- 
dress of Dr. C. Cort at the reinterment of the remains of Corporal 
Wm. M. Rihl, the first Union soldier killed on northern soil, also a list 
of 216 Pennsylvania and Virginia captives brought back by Col. Bou- 
quet from the Ohio wilderness in 1764 with a description of Fort 
Frederick, Md. , near Cherry Run Station. 

Price in paper covers 50 cents, in cloth 65 cents. 

3. Memorial services at the Dedication of the Fort Loudon Monumental 
Structures, Oct. 20 1915. Addresses of Judge W. R. Gillan, Rev. J. 
B. Stonesifer, Dr. C. Cort, Dr. Geo. P. Donehoo and Hon. Wm. S, 
Stenger with pictures of Col. Armstrong, Col. Burd, Col. Bouquet and 
the different monuments. Price 30 cents 

4. Memorial services at the Dedication of the monument at the site 
of Fort McDowell, Oct. 5, 1916, with address of Rev. Dr. J. G. Rose, 
Dr. C. Cort and John W. McDowell, Esq. Price 25 cents. 

These publications contain a vast amount of Provincial history 
relating mainly to the Cumberland Valley, and Westmoreland Co., Pa., 
150 years ago. Every public spirited citizen and especially Franklin 
County residents should have copies. When the limited editions are 
exhausted copies cannot be had for love or money. 

The Career of Andrew Byerly with Braddock in 1755 at Fort 
Cumberland, with Bouquet at Fort Bedford 1758,&c, and at Bushy Run 
Aug. 5&6, 1763 is given. 

Copies of the McDowell pamphlet can be had also from Rev. J.G. 
Rose, of Mercersburg; Robert McDowell, Lehmaster; Thos. C. Mc- 
Dowell, or S. L. Hawbecker, of Williamson, Franklin Co., Pa. 

Profits go to Memorial work in Franklin County. 



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